Randomization

True randomization is achieved when you are unaware which experimental group a study subject has been assigned to.

Click here to download a fact sheet on Randomization at the bench.

What is randomization?

Randomization is a method often used to eliminate ‘selection bias’ bias in experimental group assignments. Adequate randomization allows researchers to fairly compare groups. is comparable between groups. In other words, randomization allows researchers to fairly compare animal subjects that received Treatment A with animals that received Treatment B.

Who can randomize?

Both preclinical and clinical researchers can randomize study subjects (animals, trial participants). Although this technique is very popular in clinical research, it remains important in the preclinical field as well (even when animals are genetically homogenous – read on!).

When should we randomize?

Randomization should be performed before the study begins (i.e. before the intervention is introduced). Once the study groups are organized, animals are randomly allocated to each study group and then the respective intervention is introduced.

Why randomize?

Randomization eliminates selection bias. Selection bias happens when animals are purposely assigned to treatment groups based on their characteristics. For example, a researcher may be unconsciously more inclined to assign a very sick looking rat to the one treatment group rather than another. Due to this selection bias the different treatment groups are no longer considered representative of the intended population and it is unfair to compare them.

How can we randomize?

Below are two case studies illustrating proper randomization and something that can be confused for proper randomization.

Optimal Practices

Suboptimal Practices

Resources and Tools